Piping is used to carry the fluid
from one place to another place. Pipe is a hollow tube with round cross
section which is used for transporting the fluids, gas, etc from one
system of plant to another system of the plant. Piping
play very important role in any plant like petrol-chemical refineries,
processing plant, LNG Plants, Power plants, Food processing plants etc
for inter connection the systems.
Piping typically found in Petroleum
refineries, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, paper, semi-conductor,
and cryogenic plants and related processing plants and terminals is
called Process piping. Process piping is used to transport fluids between various units / equipment's, without compromising process/ Mechanical requirements
The following aspects shall be considered while engineering of piping.
- Safe design and construction
- Operational convenience
- Maintenance requirements
- Inspection and testing
Types of various plants
Refinery:-A refinery is a Process Plant
where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum
products such as Gasoline, diesel fuel , kerosene,LPG, Jet –fuel , etc.
Chemical Plant:- A process plant which uses chemical reactions to turn raw materials to a variety of products chemicals.
Petrochemical Plant:-A plant which is
used to generate or produce a number of chemicals from Petroleum and
natural Gas. Eg. Polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene.
Petrochemicals mainly consist of carbon and hydrogen and are called
Hydrocarbons.
Fertilizer Plant:- A Plant which manufactures fertilizer products that contain vital nutrients essential for Plant growth.
Tank Farm & Storage:-Tank farm & storage an area that
contains huge tanks / group of tanks used exclusively for storing
petroleum products or other chemicals. The tanks are usually isolated
from the main processing units in case of fire.